Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Culture for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Brazilian Adults
2008

Impact of TB Culture for HIV-Infected Adults in Brazil

Sample size: 217 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): David W. Dowdy, Maria C. Lourenço, Solange C. Cavalcante, Valeria Saraceni, Bonnie King, Jonathan E. Golub, David Bishai, Betina Durovni, Richard E. Chaisson, Susan E. Dorman

Primary Institution: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Hypothesis

What is the impact and cost-effectiveness of TB culture for diagnosing tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals in resource-limited settings?

Conclusion

TB culture is potentially effective and cost-effective for HIV-positive patients in resource-constrained settings.

Supporting Evidence

  • 33 out of 217 TB suspects had culture-confirmed active tuberculosis.
  • TB culture with solid media could avert an estimated 8 TB deaths per 1,000 suspects.
  • The cost per DALY averted was estimated at $962 for solid media.

Takeaway

This study shows that testing for tuberculosis using culture can help save lives and is worth the cost, especially for people with HIV in Brazil.

Methodology

The study analyzed costs, laboratory results, and treatment initiation in a centralized TB culture program for HIV-infected patients.

Potential Biases

Potential bias in treatment initiation due to communication failures between labs and clinics.

Limitations

The sample size of confirmed TB cases was small, and the findings may not generalize to other settings.

Participant Demographics

HIV-positive adults presenting with symptoms of pulmonary TB in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.0001

Confidence Interval

95% simulation interval [4, 15]

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0004057

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