Butenolide's Toxicity in Non-Target Organisms
Author Information
Author(s): Zhang Yi-Fan, Xiao Kang, Chandramouli Kondethimmanahalli H., Xu Ying, Pan Ke, Wang Wen-Xiong, Qian Pei-Yuan
Primary Institution: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Hypothesis
What is the acute toxicity of the antifouling compound butenolide in non-target marine organisms?
Conclusion
Butenolide is highly toxic to various non-target marine organisms, with a predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) of 0.168 µg l−1.
Supporting Evidence
- Butenolide induced apoptosis in zebrafish embryos and HeLa cells.
- The predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) of butenolide was determined to be 0.168 µg l−1.
- Zebrafish embryos exhibited developmental defects such as pericardial edema when exposed to butenolide.
- Butenolide's toxicity was assessed using various non-target organisms including microalgae, crustaceans, and fish.
- The study found that butenolide is among the most toxic new biocides tested.
Takeaway
Butenolide is a chemical that can harm small sea creatures, and scientists found out how much of it is safe to use.
Methodology
The study assessed the acute toxicity of butenolide in various non-target organisms, including zebrafish embryos and HeLa cells, using toxicity tests and molecular mechanism analysis.
Limitations
The study primarily focused on acute toxicity and did not assess long-term effects or degradation in natural environments.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.0168
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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